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Negative Medium

Толкование Перевод

1 medium-boiling solvent

среднекипящий растворитель

solvent extraction rendering — экстракция жира растворителем

solvent extraction method — способ экстракции растворителем

positive solvent effect — положительный эффект растворителя

negative solvent effect — отрицательный эффект растворителя

electronic-grade solvent — растворитель электронной чистоты

The English-Russian dictionary general scientific > medium-boiling solvent
2 NM

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Negative Marker, not meaningful

2) Компьютерная техника: No Memory, No Monitor, Normal Mode

3) Биология: number of movements

4) Американизм: New Memo, No Management

5) Ботаника: Northern Maple

6) Спорт: National Match

7) Военный термин: Navy mines, naval medicine, near miss, notice to mariners, nuclear medicine, nuclear missile

8) Техника: nitro methane, number metric for needle

9) Шутливое выражение: Named Monster, Named Monsters, Nipper Map, Notorious Monster

10) Химия: Non- Metal, Normal Metal

11) Математика: Negative Medium, No Meaning, Non Markovian, Non Monotonic, Nonlinear Model, Not Measurable, Number Machine, Number Metric, The Nearest Mean

12) Юридический термин: No More, Not Mine

13) Бухгалтерия: Net Margin

14) Грубое выражение: No Minimum

15) География: Нью-Мексико (штат США)

16) Кино: No Movie

17) Музыка: No Music

18) Радио: Not Modulated

19) Телекоммуникации: Network Module

20) Сокращение: National Museum, Network Management Entity, New Mexico (US state), Night Message, No Mark; Not Marked, no message, noise meter, nonmagnetic, nuclear magnetron

21) Физика: Nano Modified, No Mass, No Motion, Non Magnetic, Non Mechanical, Non Metallic, Non Moment

22) Физиология: Not Mentioned

23) Электроника: Noise Margin

24) Вычислительная техника: Nautical Mile, Native Mode (PARISC, CM)

25) Нефть: normal cubic meter, nuclear magnetism log

26) Онкология: Nodular Melanoma

27) Картография: New Mexico, national monument

28) Транспорт: Negative Margin

29) Деловая лексика: Negative Motivation, Network Marketing, No Meeting, Northern Monopoly

30) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: nut male

31) Инвестиции: "не важно"

32) Сетевые технологии: Networked Media, network management, управление сетью

33) Полимеры: not marked

34) Программирование: No Mark

35) Химическое оружие: dimethylpolysulfide

36) Макаров: neomycin

37) Электротехника: nuclear material

38) Должность: New Material, News Manager, Novice Middle

39) Чат: Never Married, Never Mind, New Messages

40) Хобби: Near Mint

41) Единицы измерений: Nano Meter, Nano Meters, Nautical Miles, Normalized Minutes, Not Much

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > NM
3 Nm

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Negative Marker, not meaningful

2) Компьютерная техника: No Memory, No Monitor, Normal Mode

3) Биология: number of movements

4) Американизм: New Memo, No Management

5) Ботаника: Northern Maple

6) Спорт: National Match

7) Военный термин: Navy mines, naval medicine, near miss, notice to mariners, nuclear medicine, nuclear missile

8) Техника: nitro methane, number metric for needle

9) Шутливое выражение: Named Monster, Named Monsters, Nipper Map, Notorious Monster

10) Химия: Non- Metal, Normal Metal

11) Математика: Negative Medium, No Meaning, Non Markovian, Non Monotonic, Nonlinear Model, Not Measurable, Number Machine, Number Metric, The Nearest Mean

12) Юридический термин: No More, Not Mine

13) Бухгалтерия: Net Margin

14) Грубое выражение: No Minimum

15) География: Нью-Мексико (штат США)

16) Кино: No Movie

17) Музыка: No Music

18) Радио: Not Modulated

19) Телекоммуникации: Network Module

20) Сокращение: National Museum, Network Management Entity, New Mexico (US state), Night Message, No Mark; Not Marked, no message, noise meter, nonmagnetic, nuclear magnetron

21) Физика: Nano Modified, No Mass, No Motion, Non Magnetic, Non Mechanical, Non Metallic, Non Moment

22) Физиология: Not Mentioned

23) Электроника: Noise Margin

24) Вычислительная техника: Nautical Mile, Native Mode (PARISC, CM)

25) Нефть: normal cubic meter, nuclear magnetism log

26) Онкология: Nodular Melanoma

27) Картография: New Mexico, national monument

28) Транспорт: Negative Margin

29) Деловая лексика: Negative Motivation, Network Marketing, No Meeting, Northern Monopoly

30) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: nut male

31) Инвестиции: "не важно"

32) Сетевые технологии: Networked Media, network management, управление сетью

33) Полимеры: not marked

34) Программирование: No Mark

35) Химическое оружие: dimethylpolysulfide

36) Макаров: neomycin

37) Электротехника: nuclear material

38) Должность: New Material, News Manager, Novice Middle

39) Чат: Never Married, Never Mind, New Messages

40) Хобби: Near Mint

41) Единицы измерений: Nano Meter, Nano Meters, Nautical Miles, Normalized Minutes, Not Much

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Nm
4 nM

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Negative Marker, not meaningful

2) Компьютерная техника: No Memory, No Monitor, Normal Mode

3) Биология: number of movements

4) Американизм: New Memo, No Management

5) Ботаника: Northern Maple

6) Спорт: National Match

7) Военный термин: Navy mines, naval medicine, near miss, notice to mariners, nuclear medicine, nuclear missile

8) Техника: nitro methane, number metric for needle

9) Шутливое выражение: Named Monster, Named Monsters, Nipper Map, Notorious Monster

10) Химия: Non- Metal, Normal Metal

11) Математика: Negative Medium, No Meaning, Non Markovian, Non Monotonic, Nonlinear Model, Not Measurable, Number Machine, Number Metric, The Nearest Mean

12) Юридический термин: No More, Not Mine

13) Бухгалтерия: Net Margin

14) Грубое выражение: No Minimum

15) География: Нью-Мексико (штат США)

16) Кино: No Movie

17) Музыка: No Music

18) Радио: Not Modulated

19) Телекоммуникации: Network Module

20) Сокращение: National Museum, Network Management Entity, New Mexico (US state), Night Message, No Mark; Not Marked, no message, noise meter, nonmagnetic, nuclear magnetron

21) Физика: Nano Modified, No Mass, No Motion, Non Magnetic, Non Mechanical, Non Metallic, Non Moment

22) Физиология: Not Mentioned

23) Электроника: Noise Margin

24) Вычислительная техника: Nautical Mile, Native Mode (PARISC, CM)

25) Нефть: normal cubic meter, nuclear magnetism log

26) Онкология: Nodular Melanoma

27) Картография: New Mexico, national monument

28) Транспорт: Negative Margin

29) Деловая лексика: Negative Motivation, Network Marketing, No Meeting, Northern Monopoly

30) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: nut male

31) Инвестиции: "не важно"

32) Сетевые технологии: Networked Media, network management, управление сетью

33) Полимеры: not marked

34) Программирование: No Mark

35) Химическое оружие: dimethylpolysulfide

36) Макаров: neomycin

37) Электротехника: nuclear material

38) Должность: New Material, News Manager, Novice Middle

39) Чат: Never Married, Never Mind, New Messages

40) Хобби: Near Mint

41) Единицы измерений: Nano Meter, Nano Meters, Nautical Miles, Normalized Minutes, Not Much

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > nM
5 nm

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Negative Marker, not meaningful

2) Компьютерная техника: No Memory, No Monitor, Normal Mode

3) Биология: number of movements

4) Американизм: New Memo, No Management

5) Ботаника: Northern Maple

6) Спорт: National Match

7) Военный термин: Navy mines, naval medicine, near miss, notice to mariners, nuclear medicine, nuclear missile

8) Техника: nitro methane, number metric for needle

9) Шутливое выражение: Named Monster, Named Monsters, Nipper Map, Notorious Monster

10) Химия: Non- Metal, Normal Metal

11) Математика: Negative Medium, No Meaning, Non Markovian, Non Monotonic, Nonlinear Model, Not Measurable, Number Machine, Number Metric, The Nearest Mean

12) Юридический термин: No More, Not Mine

13) Бухгалтерия: Net Margin

14) Грубое выражение: No Minimum

15) География: Нью-Мексико (штат США)

16) Кино: No Movie

17) Музыка: No Music

18) Радио: Not Modulated

19) Телекоммуникации: Network Module

20) Сокращение: National Museum, Network Management Entity, New Mexico (US state), Night Message, No Mark; Not Marked, no message, noise meter, nonmagnetic, nuclear magnetron

21) Физика: Nano Modified, No Mass, No Motion, Non Magnetic, Non Mechanical, Non Metallic, Non Moment

22) Физиология: Not Mentioned

23) Электроника: Noise Margin

24) Вычислительная техника: Nautical Mile, Native Mode (PARISC, CM)

25) Нефть: normal cubic meter, nuclear magnetism log

26) Онкология: Nodular Melanoma

27) Картография: New Mexico, national monument

28) Транспорт: Negative Margin

29) Деловая лексика: Negative Motivation, Network Marketing, No Meeting, Northern Monopoly

30) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: nut male

31) Инвестиции: "не важно"

32) Сетевые технологии: Networked Media, network management, управление сетью

33) Полимеры: not marked

34) Программирование: No Mark

35) Химическое оружие: dimethylpolysulfide

36) Макаров: neomycin

37) Электротехника: nuclear material

38) Должность: New Material, News Manager, Novice Middle

39) Чат: Never Married, Never Mind, New Messages

40) Хобби: Near Mint

41) Единицы измерений: Nano Meter, Nano Meters, Nautical Miles, Normalized Minutes, Not Much

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > nm
6 cathode, f
1. катод химического источника тока
2. катод
катод
-
[IEV number 151-13-03]

катод
Плоская заготовка, получаемая методом электролиза, предназначенная для переплава.
[ ГОСТ 25501-82]

катод
Отрицательный электрод рентгеновской трубки
[Система неразрушающего контроля. Виды (методы) и технология неразрушающего контроля. Термины и определения (справочное пособие). Москва 2003 г.]

EN

cathode
electrode capable of emitting negative charge carriers to and/or receiving positive charge carriers from the medium of lower conductivity
NOTE 1 – The direction of electric current is from the medium of lower conductivity, through the cathode, to the external circuit.
NOTE 2 – In some cases (e.g. electrochemical cells), the term "cathode" is applied to one or another electrode, depending on the electric operating condition of the device. In other cases (e.g. electronic tubes and semiconductor devices), the term "cathode" is assigned to a specific electrode.
[IEV number 151-13-03]

FR

cathode, f
électrode capable d’émettre des porteurs de charge négatifs vers le milieu de plus faible conductivité ou de collecter des porteurs de charge positifs qui en proviennent
NOTE 1 – Le sens du courant électrique va du milieu de plus faible conductivité vers le circuit extérieur à travers la cathode.
NOTE 2 – Dans certains cas (par exemple pour les éléments électrochimiques), le terme "cathode" désigne l’une ou l’autre électrode selon le régime électrique du dispositif. Dans d’autres cas (par exemple pour les tubes électroniques et les dispositifs semiconducteurs), le terme "cathode" désigne une électrode particulière.
[IEV number 151-13-03]

Тематики
- заготовки и полуфабрикаты в металлургии
EN
- cathode
DE
- Kathode
FR
- cathode, f
катод химического источника тока
катод
Электрод химического источника тока, на котором протекают восстановительные процессы.
[ ГОСТ 15596-82]

EN

cathode
by convention, cell electrode at which, a reduction reaction occurs
NOTE – The cathode is the positive electrode during discharge and the negative electrode during charge
[IEV number 482-02-28]

FR

cathode, f
par convention, électrode d'un élément à laquelle une réaction de réduction se produit
NOTE – La cathode est l'électrode positive pendant la décharge et l'électrode négative pendant la charge.
[IEV number 482-02-28]

Тематики
- источники тока химические
Классификация
>>>
Синонимы
- катод
EN
- cathode
DE
- Kathode, f
FR
- cathode, f
Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > cathode, f
7 anode
анод (устройства)
электрод, через который электрический ток входит в среду, имеющую удельную проводимость, отличную от удельной проводимости анода
[СТ МЭК50(151)-78]

анод
-
[IEV number 151-13-02]

EN

anode
electrode capable of emitting positive charge carriers to and/or receiving negative charge carriers from the medium of lower conductivity
NOTE 1 – The direction of electric current is from the external circuit, through the anode, to the medium of lower conductivity.
NOTE 2 – In some cases (e.g. electrochemical cells), the term "anode" is applied to one or another electrode, depending on the electric operating condition of the device. In other cases (e.g. electronic tubes and semiconductor devices), the term "anode" is assigned to a specific electrode.
[IEV number 151-13-02]

FR

anode, f
électrode capable d’émettre des porteurs de charge positifs vers le milieu de plus faible conductivité ou de collecter des porteurs de charge négatifs qui en proviennent
NOTE 1 – Le sens du courant électrique va du circuit extérieur vers le milieu de plus faible conductivité à travers l’anode.
NOTE 2 – Dans certains cas (par exemple pour les éléments électrochimiques), le terme "anode" désigne l’une ou l’autre électrode selon le régime électrique du dispositif. Dans d’autres cas (par exemple pour les tubes électroniques et les dispositifs semiconducteurs), le terme "anode" désigne une électrode particulière.
[IEV number 151-13-02]

Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
- anode
- plate
DE
- Anode
FR
- anode, f
анод
Положительный электрод рентгеновской трубки.
[Система неразрушающего контроля. Виды (методы) и технология неразрушающего контроля. Термины и определения (справочное пособие). Москва 2003 г.]

Тематики
- виды (методы) и технология неразр. контроля
EN
- anode
анод
Полуфабрикат, предназначенный для гальванотехнических покрытий или анодной защиты, изготовляемый литьем, прокаткой или прессованием.
[ ГОСТ 25501-82]

анод
Положит. электрод:
1) (полюс) в электролитич. ванне;
2) электрич. дуги;
3) источника электрич. тока, напр. положит, полюс гальванического элемента или электрич. аккумулятора;
4) электрод электронного (ионного) прибора, соединенный с положит. полюсом источника электрич. тока.
Материалом а. в завис-ти от назначения служат металлы (Fe, Cu, Ni, Mo, W и др.) и графит.
[ http://metaltrade.ru/abc/a.htm]

Тематики
- заготовки и полуфабрикаты в металлургии
- металлургия в целом
EN
- anode
анод химического источника тока
анод
Электрод химического источника тока, на котором протекают окислительные процессы.
[ ГОСТ 15596-82]

EN

anode
by convention, cell electrode at which an oxidation reaction occurs
NOTE – The anode is the negative electrode during discharge and the positive electrode during charge.
[IEV number 482-02-27]

FR

anode, f
par convention, électrode d'un élément à laquelle une réaction d’oxydation se produit
NOTE – L'anode est l'électrode négative pendant la décharge et l'électrode positive pendant la charge.
[IEV number 482-02-27]

Тематики
- источники тока химические
Классификация
>>>
Синонимы
- анод
EN
- anode
DE
- Anode, f
FR
- anode
анод электровакуумного прибора
анод
Ускоряющий электрод электровакуумного прибора, который обычно служит и выходным электродом, и основным коллектором электронов.
[ ГОСТ 13820-77]

Тематики
- электровакуумные приборы
Синонимы
- анод
EN
- anode
FR
- anode
антикатод (рентгеновской трубки)
—
[ http://slovarionline.ru/anglo_russkiy_slovar_neftegazovoy_promyishlennosti/]

Тематики
- нефтегазовая промышленность
EN
- anode
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > anode
8 cathode
анод (в гальванических и аккумуляторных элементах)
—
[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва]

Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
- cathode
катод
-
[IEV number 151-13-03]

катод
Плоская заготовка, получаемая методом электролиза, предназначенная для переплава.
[ ГОСТ 25501-82]

катод
Отрицательный электрод рентгеновской трубки
[Система неразрушающего контроля. Виды (методы) и технология неразрушающего контроля. Термины и определения (справочное пособие). Москва 2003 г.]

EN

cathode
electrode capable of emitting negative charge carriers to and/or receiving positive charge carriers from the medium of lower conductivity
NOTE 1 – The direction of electric current is from the medium of lower conductivity, through the cathode, to the external circuit.
NOTE 2 – In some cases (e.g. electrochemical cells), the term "cathode" is applied to one or another electrode, depending on the electric operating condition of the device. In other cases (e.g. electronic tubes and semiconductor devices), the term "cathode" is assigned to a specific electrode.
[IEV number 151-13-03]

FR

cathode, f
électrode capable d’émettre des porteurs de charge négatifs vers le milieu de plus faible conductivité ou de collecter des porteurs de charge positifs qui en proviennent
NOTE 1 – Le sens du courant électrique va du milieu de plus faible conductivité vers le circuit extérieur à travers la cathode.
NOTE 2 – Dans certains cas (par exemple pour les éléments électrochimiques), le terme "cathode" désigne l’une ou l’autre électrode selon le régime électrique du dispositif. Dans d’autres cas (par exemple pour les tubes électroniques et les dispositifs semiconducteurs), le terme "cathode" désigne une électrode particulière.
[IEV number 151-13-03]

Тематики
- заготовки и полуфабрикаты в металлургии
EN
- cathode
DE
- Kathode
FR
- cathode, f
катод
Отрицательный электрод в электролитическом процессе, на котором происходят основные реакции. (Электроны текут к катоду по внешней цепи.) Типичные катодные процессы — катионы, принимающие электроны разряжаются, кислород восстанавливается, происходит восстановление элемента или группы элементов от высшего к нижнему состоянию валентности. Противоположен аноду.
[ http://www.manual-steel.ru/eng-a.html]

Тематики
- металлургия в целом
EN
- cathode
катод химического источника тока
катод
Электрод химического источника тока, на котором протекают восстановительные процессы.
[ ГОСТ 15596-82]

EN

cathode
by convention, cell electrode at which, a reduction reaction occurs
NOTE – The cathode is the positive electrode during discharge and the negative electrode during charge
[IEV number 482-02-28]

FR

cathode, f
par convention, électrode d'un élément à laquelle une réaction de réduction se produit
NOTE – La cathode est l'électrode positive pendant la décharge et l'électrode négative pendant la charge.
[IEV number 482-02-28]

Тематики
- источники тока химические
Классификация
>>>
Синонимы
- катод
EN
- cathode
DE
- Kathode, f
FR
- cathode, f
катод электровакуумного прибора
катод
Электрод электровакуумного прибора, являющийся источником требуемой электронной эмиссии.
[ ГОСТ 13820-77]

Тематики
- электровакуумные приборы
Синонимы
- катод
EN
- cathode
FR
- cathode
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > cathode
9 device

1) прибор; устройство; установка

2) компонент; элемент

3) план ( действий); схема; процедура

4) фигура речи

5) девиз; лозунг

•

- λ-device
- λ-shaped negative-resistance device
- absolute pointing device
- absolute value device
- accumulation-mode charge-coupled device
- acoustic correlation device
- acoustic delay device
- acoustic imaging device
- acoustic-surface-wave device
- acoustic-surface-wave interaction charge-coupled device
- acoustic-volume-wave device
- acoustic-wave device
- acoustooptic device
- acoustoresistive device
- active device
- active medium propagation device
- adaptive device
- add-on device
- all-junction device
- aluminum-gate MOS device
- amorphous semiconductor memory device
- amorphous semiconductor switching device
- analog device
- answer device
- antihunt device
- anti-inrush device
- antijamming device
- anti-pumping device
- antisidetone device
- antistatic device
- antistrike device
- AO device
- arc-control device
- array device
- attached device
- attention device
- audible signal device
- audio device
- audio-response device
- augmentative device
- autocorrelation device
- automatic holding device
- automatic-alarm-signal keying device
- avalanche device
- avalanche-effect device
- backup device
- band-compression device
- beam-expanding device
- beam-lead device
- beam-manipulating device
- beam-narrowing device
- beam-transforming device
- bidirectional device
- bipolar device
- bistable device
- bistable optical device
- block device
- BlueTooth device
- bogey electron device
- bubble device
- bubble domain device
- bubble lattice storage device
- bubble memory device
- bucket-brigade charge-coupled device
- bucket-brigade device
- built-in pointing device
- bulk channel charge-coupled device
- bulk-acoustic-wave device
- bulk-charge-coupled device
- bulk-effect device
- bulk-property device
- bulk-type acoustooptic device
- bunching device
- buried channel charge-coupled device
- burst device
- bus-powered device
- callback port protection device
- calling device
- carrier-operated antinoise device
- cascade charge-coupled device
- cascaded thermoelectric device
- center-bonded device
- CFAR device
- character device
- charge-control device
- charge-coupled device
- charge-coupled imaging device
- charge-coupled line imaging device
- charge-coupled storage device
- charge-injection device
- charge-injection imaging device
- charge-transfer device
- charge-trapping device
- chip device
- chip-and-wire device
- clip-on pointing device
- clustered devices
- CMOS device
- coder device
- coherent electroluminescence device
- color imaging device
- COM device
- complex programmable logic device
- compound device
- computer output microfilm device
- conductively connected charge-coupled device
- constant false-alarm ratio device
- consumer device
- contiguous-disk bubble domain device
- controlled avalanche device
- controlled-surface device
- correlation device
- countermeasure devices
- coupling device
- cross-correlation device
- cross-field device
- cryogenic device
- current-access magnetic bubble device
- current-controlled device
- current-controlled differential-negative-resistance device
- current-controlled DNR device
- current-mode logic device
- current-operated device
- custom device
- data entry device
- data preparation device
- data recording device
- deception devices
- decision-making device
- decoding device
- dedicated device
- deformable-mirror device
- DEFT device
- delay device
- dense device
- depletion-mode device
- detecting device
- DI device
- dielectric isolation device
- diffused device
- digit delay device
- digital device
- digital micromirror device
- diode-array imaging device
- direct electronic Fourier transform device
- direct-access storage device
- direct-view device
- direct-viewing device
- discrete device
- disk device
- display device
- distributed diode device
- distributed interaction device
- division device
- D-MOS device
- domain propagation device
- domain-tip device
- double-negative-resistance-device
- double-quantum stimulated-emission device
- dynamically configurable device
- eavesdropping device
- E-beam fabricated device
- EBS device
- edge-bonded device
- EL device
- elastooptic device
- electrically programmable logic device
- electroluminescence device
- electromagnetic device
- electron device
- electron-beam semiconductor device
- electronic device
- electronic imaging device
- electron-optical device
- electrooptical device
- elementary MOS device
- embedded device
- encoding device
- end device
- energy conversion device
- enhancement-mode device
- epiplanar device
- epitaxial-device
- error-sensing device
- exchange-coupled thin-film memory device
- external control device
- false-echo devices
- Faraday-rotation device
- fast-discharge device
- ferrite device
- ferroelectric device
- FET device
- fiber-laser device
- field-access memory device
- field-effect device
- field-effect transistor device
- field-emission device
- field-programmable interconnect device
- file device
- file-protection device
- fixed tap-weight bucket-brigade device
- floating-gate device
- fluidic-device
- follow-up device
- four-layer device
- four-terminal device
- Frame Relay access device
- free-electron device
- freestanding pointing device
- FS device
- full-speed device
- functional device
- galvanomagnetic device
- galvanomagnetic semiconductor device
- gate-array device
- graphic input device
- graphic output device
- gripping device
- groove locating device
- guided-wave acoustooptic device
- guided-wave AO Bragg device
- Gunn device
- Gunn-effect device
- gyromagnetic device
- Hall device
- Hall-effect device
- harbor echo ranging and listening device
- head-cleaning device
- heteroepitaxial device
- heterojunction device
- high-technology device
- high-threshold device
- homing device
- hot-electron device
- human interface device
- hybrid ferromagnet-semiconductor device
- hybrid integrated-circuit device
- hybrid-type device
- I/O device
- identification device
- image-storage device
- imaging device
- implanted device
- incidental radiation device
- industrial data collection device
- infrared charge-coupled device
- input device
- input-output device
- insulated-gate device
- integrated electron device
- integrated injection device
- integrated optic device
- integrating device
- interface device
- interlocking device
- ion-implantation device
- ion-implanted bubble device
- ion-injection electrostatic plasma confinement device
- jelly-bean device
- Josephson device
- Josephson-effect device
- junction device
- junction-gate device
- keying device
- known-good device
- large-area p-n junction device
- laser annealing device
- laser device
- laser welding device
- laser-beam machining device
- leaded device
- leadless device
- left ventricular assist device
- light-detecting device
- light-emitting device
- linear beam device
- linear imaging device
- locked dynamically configurable device
- logic device
- long-channel device
- low-speed device
- low-threshold device
- LS device
- magnetic bubble device
- magnetic detecting device
- magnetic device
- magnetic flux quantum device
- magnetic tunnel junction memory device
- magnetic-wave device
- magnetoelastic-wave device
- magnetoelectronic device
- magnetooptic bubble-domain device
- magnetostatic-wave device
- magnetostrictive device
- magnetotunneling device
- majority-carrier device
- make-and-break device
- manipulating device
- marginal device
- maser device
- matching device
- measurement device
- mechanical switching device
- memory device
- MEMS device
- MEMS-based device
- metal-gate device
- metal-insulator-metal device
- metal-insulator-piezoelectric semiconductor device
- metal-oxide-silicon device
- metal-semiconductor device
- microcomputer device
- microdiscrete device
- microelectromechanical system device
- microelectromechanical system-based device
- microelectronic device
- microfluidic device
- MIDI device
- minority-carrier device
- MIPS device
- MIS device
- MNOS device
- molecule-sized device
- MOS color imaging device
- MOS device
- MOS memory device
- MSW device
- M-type device
- multiaperture device
- multijunction device
- multilayered memory device
- multilevel storage device
- multiple-tap bucket-brigade device
- multiple-unit semiconductor device
- multiport device
- multistable device
- multiterminal device
- n-channel device
- negation device
- negative-resistance device
- night viewing device
- n-n heterojunction device
- noise-rejection device
- nonburst device
- noninverting parametric device
- nonreciprocal field-displacement device
- n-p-n device
- n-terminal device
- one-port device
- open-collector device
- optically coupled device
- optically pumped device
- optoelectronic device
- O-type device
- output device
- overlay device
- oxide-passivated device
- P&P device
- parallel device
- parametric device
- passivated device
- passive device
- pattern recognition device
- p-channel device
- p-channel MOS device
- periodic permanent magnet focusing device
- persistent current device
- persistent-image device
- personal communication device
- photoconducting device
- photoelectric device
- photoemissive device
- photosensitive device
- photovoltaic device
- picking device
- piezoelectric device
- piezomagnetic device
- planar device
- planar-doped barrier device
- plasma device
- plasma-coupled semiconductor device
- plotting device
- plug-and-play device
- plug-in device
- PMOS device
- p-n junction device
- PnP device
- p-n-p device
- p-n-p-n device
- point-contact superconducting device
- pointing device
- polysilicon charge-coupled device
- port protection device
- p-p heterojunction device
- PPM focusing device
- programmable device
- programmable logic device
- protective device
- punch-through device
- pyroelectric thermal imaging device
- quantum-dot resonant tunneling device
- quasioptical device
- quenched domain mode device
- radiation-measuring device
- random-access device
- rapid single flux quantum device
- readout device
- reciprocal device
- recognition device
- rectifying device
- regulating device
- relative pointing device
- restricted radiation device
- reverberation device
- ringing device
- robot control device
- rotating-field bubble device
- rotating-field bubble domain device
- RSFQ device
- safety device
- SAW device
- Schottky barrier semiconductor device
- Schottky device
- Schottky-barrier-gate Gunn-effect digital device
- SCSI device
- security device
- self-powered device
- self-reacting device
- self-synchronous device
- semiconductor device
- semiconductor switching device
- semiconductor-magnetic device
- sensing device
- serial device
- shallow-base device
- short-channel device
- short-circuit-stable device
- silicon imaging device
- silicon-gate MOS memory device
- silicon-on-insulating substrate device
- single-junction device
- single-tap bucket-brigade device
- single-unit semiconductor device
- slot device
- snap-on pointing device
- solid-state device
- SOS device
- sound-absorbing device
- spark-quenching device
- speech recognition device
- spin-wave device
- square-law device
- starting device
- static discharge device
- storage device
- storage display device
- storage-charge device
- stream device
- stream-oriented device
- stroke input device
- superconducting device
- superconducting quantum device
- superconducting quantum interference device
- surface acoustic-wave device
- surface charge-transfer device
- surface mount device
- surface-controlled device
- switching device
- symbolic device
- tape device
- tape-moving device
- TE device
- tensoelectric device
- terminal device
- thermoelectric cooling device
- thermoelectric device
- thermoelectric heating device
- thick-film device
- thin-film device
- Tokamak device
- transferred-electron device
- transferred-electron microwave device
- transit-time device
- traveling magnetic domain memory device
- traveling-wave Gunn effect device
- trip-free mechanical switching device
- tse device
- tube device
- tunnel device
- tunnel emission device
- twisted nematic device
- two-junction bipolar device
- two-port device
- two-terminal device
- ULA device
- uncommitted logic array device
- unidirectional device
- unilateral device
- unpacked device
- vacuum tunnel device
- variable grating mode device
- variable inductance cryogenic device
- vertical junction device
- VGM device
- V-groove MOS device
- virtual device
- visual signal device
- VMOS device
- V-MOS device
- voice-operated device
- voice-operated gain-adjusting device
- voltage-controlled device
- voltage-controlled differential-negative-resistance device
- voltage-controlled DNR device
- voltage-operated device
- wafer printing device
- wireless device
- X-ray detecting device
- YIG device

The New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > device
10 film

1) плёнка, тонкий слой || покрываться плёнкой

2) оболочка; покрытие

3) слабый туман; дымка

4) (фото)плёнка

5) киноплёнка; кинолента

6) (кино)фильм; фильмокопия || производить киносъёмку; снимать на киноплёнку

7) геофиз. диаграмма (сейсмограмма), записанная на фотоплёнке

8) полимерная плёнка

•

film perforated (along) one edge — киноплёнка с односторонней перфорацией;

to run through the film — просматривать фильм;

to thread the film — заряжать киноплёнку

-
acetate film
-
adhesive film
-
adsorbed film
-
advertising film
-
aerial film
-
air bubble film
-
air film
-
aligning film
-
amateur film
-
amorphous film
-
animated film
-
anodized film
-
antifogging film
-
antihalation film
-
antireflection film
-
autopositive film
-
axially oriented film
-
balanced film
-
base film
-
biaxially-oriented film
-
bimetallized film
-
black-and-white film
-
blank film
-
blown film
-
blue diazo assembly film
-
boundary film
-
bubble film
-
bubble-free film
-
burnished film
-
calendered film
-
carrying film
-
cartoon film
-
cast film
-
center fold film
-
cinema film
-
cine film
-
clearbase film
-
cling film
-
coarse-grain film
-
color film
-
commercial film
-
composite film
-
conducting film
-
contact film
-
continuous film
-
continuous lubricating film
-
continuous tone film
-
convergent lubricant film
-
convergent film
-
cooling film
-
cryovac film
-
crystalline film
-
cut film
-
diazo-type film
-
diazo film
-
dichromated gelatine film
-
dichromated gelatin film
-
dielectric film
-
discontinuous film
-
distillation film
-
doped film
-
double-coated film
-
drafting film
-
dry process film
-
dry silver film
-
dubbed film
-
duplicating film
-
dye-degraded library film
-
educational film
-
elastohydrodynamic lubrication film
-
electrodeposited film
-
electron-beam evaporated film
-
endless type film
-
epitaxial film
-
evaporated film
-
exposed film
-
faded film
-
fast film
-
feature film
-
ferroelectric film
-
fibrillated film
-
field-oxide film
-
fine-grain film
-
fire-proof film
-
flat film
-
flexible film
-
garnet film
-
gas film
-
getter film
-
glass film
-
glue film
-
graphic arts film
-
grown film
-
gussetted tubular film
-
hard film
-
hardened film
-
heat developable film
-
heat stabilized film
-
high clarity film
-
high-gamma film
-
high-impact film
-
high-speed color negative film
-
holographic film
-
hot tack film
-
hot-wall film
-
hydrodynamic oil film
-
hypersensitized film
-
imperforated film
-
imperforate film
-
indium-tin oxide film
-
industrial film
-
infrachromatic film
-
ink film
-
instant film
-
instructional film
-
instruction film
-
insulating film
-
intermediate film
-
internegative film
-
interpositive film
-
intrinsic film
-
iridescent film
-
ITO film
-
kapton film
-
laminar film
-
laminate film
-
laminated film
-
Langmuir-Blodgett film
-
large-grain film
-
lenticular film
-
light-control film
-
light-guiding film
-
light-sensitive film
-
light-struck film
-
line film
-
lith film
-
logging film
-
loop film
-
low defect film
-
low-friction film
-
low-gamma film
-
low-slip film
-
lubricant film
-
magnetic bubble film
-
magnetic film
-
masking film
-
matrix film
-
mechanized processing film
-
medical film
-
medium speed film
-
medium-grain film
-
metallized film
-
moistureproof film
-
motion-picture film
-
multilayer film
-
multireel film
-
multirow film
-
mylar film
-
name plate film
-
narrow-gage film
-
narrow film
-
negative film
-
news film
-
nonfogging film
-
nonsilver film
-
nonwettable film
-
normal film
-
offset film
-
oil bound film
-
oil film
-
oiliness film
-
one-edge perforated film
-
opal film
-
opaque film
-
opp film
-
oriented film
-
oriented polypropylene film
-
orthochromatic film
-
oven film
-
oxide film
-
oxidized film
-
panchromatic film
-
pan film
-
panoramic film
-
passivating film
-
patterned film
-
pearlescent film
-
peelable film
-
peel-off film
-
perforated film
-
photochromic film
-
photoconductor-thermoplastic film
-
photographic film
-
photoplastic recording film
-
photoresist film
-
phototechnical film
-
phototypesetting film
-
piezoelectric film
-
polarizer film
-
polarizing film
-
Polaroid film
-
polycrystalline film
-
polyethylene film
-
polyimide film
-
polymer film
-
positive film
-
prescreened film
-
print film
-
process film
-
professional film
-
protective film
-
publicity film
-
pure film
-
PVC film
-
RA film
-
radiographic film
-
rapid access film
-
raw film
-
recording film
-
reflecting film
-
released film
-
release film
-
resist film
-
resistance film
-
reversal film
-
ripple film
-
roll film
-
room daylight film
-
rust film
-
safety film
-
sandwich film
-
saran film
-
seismic film
-
self-developing film
-
semiconductor film
-
sensitized film
-
sheet film
-
short-length film
-
shrinkable film
-
shrink film
-
silent film
-
single-crystal film
-
single-oxide film
-
single-perforated film
-
single-wound film
-
sliced film
-
slide film
-
slit film
-
small-grain film
-
soft film
-
sound film
-
spacer film
-
split film
-
spray deposited film
-
sprocketed film
-
sputtered film
-
squeezed film
-
squeeze film
-
stacked film
-
standard film
-
steam film
-
steam-water film
-
stereoscopic film
-
stretch film
-
stretched film
-
stripping film
-
subminiature film
-
substrate film
-
superconducting film
-
support film
-
surface film
-
taped film
-
television film
-
test film
-
thermally grown film
-
thick film
-
thin film
-
tin oxide film
-
transfer film
-
transparency film
-
transparent film
-
trichromatic film
-
tubular film
-
TV film
-
unbalanced film
-
unsupported film
-
vapor film
-
vapor-deposited film
-
variable-area film
-
variable-density film
-
vesicular film
-
video film
-
washoff relief film
-
waster film
-
wear-inhibiting film
-
wedge-shaped oil film
-
wide-screen film
-
wrapping film
-
X-ray film

Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > film
11 near cash

!

гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.

Introduction

This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.

Principles of the framework

The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:
"
consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;
" "
the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;
" "
strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and
"
the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.

The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:
"
the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and
"
the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.

Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.

Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)

The framework for public expenditure is divided between
"
Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and
"
Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.

More information about DEL and AME is set out below.

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Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL)

In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.

To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.

Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.

Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.

There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.

Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME)

AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.

AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.

AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.

Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.

Total Managed Expenditure

Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.

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Resource Accounting and Budgeting ( RAB)

Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets.
"
Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest.
"
Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:
"
Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and
"
Administration Budgets (see below)

Administration Budgets

The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.

Spending Reviews

The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.

The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.

Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.

The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:
"
provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;
" "
enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;
" "
introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and
"
not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.

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Comprehensive Spending Review 2007

To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.

A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:
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an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;
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an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;
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to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with
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further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.

The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.

Obtaining good performance

Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.

The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.

Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.

Departmental Investment Strategies (DISs)

To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.

This document was updated on 19 December 2005.

Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money

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GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money
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GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money

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GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.

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64Managing Public Money

Англо-русский экономический словарь > near cash
12 work

1) работа; действие; деятельность || работать; действовать

2) обработка || обрабатывать

3) заготовка; обрабатываемая деталь

4) pl завод; мастерские

5) pl конструкции, строительные конструкции

6) pl подвижные органы; действующие элементы ( конструкции)

7) исполнение

•

work being cut — заготовка, обрабатываемая резанием; разрезаемая заготовка

work being turned between centers — деталь, обтачиваемая в центрах; центровая деталь

work in process — 1) незавершённое производство 2) обрабатываемая деталь

work in progress — незавершённое производство

work on a workpiece — обработка заготовки

to drive into a work equally — равномерно врезаться в заготовку

to hold a work — зажимать заготовку

to job work out — передавать работу на сторону

to put a work on the machine — устанавливать заготовку на станок

to set a work true — правильно выставлять заготовку ( перед обработкой)

- alternating shift work
- angular work
- assembly work
- axial work
- back work
- back-end work
- bar fed work
- bar work
- batch production work
- batch repetition work
- batch work
- between-centers shaft work
- between-centers work
- boring work
- bright work
- broaching work
- cam work
- C-axis work
- center work
- centerless work
- chucked work
- chucking work
- circuit-board work
- close tolerance work
- combined shaft and chucking work
- contour work
- contour-cutting work
- contouring work
- coordinate grid work
- copying work
- corner-to-corner work
- creep feed work
- cutting work
- cylindrical work
- development work
- diagrammatic work
- die work
- dovetail work
- drilling work
- elementary work of force
- erecting work
- erection work
- expended work
- external work
- facing work
- fine work
- finishing work
- first operation work
- five-axis work
- fixtured work
- flat surface work
- flat work
- frame work
- gaging work
- graphic work
- grinding work
- hard work
- heavy-duty work
- high-volume repetition work
- high-volume work
- horizontal work
- hot work
- in-cycle secong operation work
- information work
- internal work
- investigative work
- irregular work
- key work
- large-batch-size work
- lathe work
- layout work
- light production work
- link work
- load/offload work
- low-level CAD work
- low-volume work
- machine work
- maintaining work
- maintenance work
- mandrel work
- mandrel-held work
- measurement-based work
- medium-batch work
- medium-sized work
- medium-volume work
- milling work
- motion work
- multisided work
- NC milling work
- negative work
- night-unattended work
- nonexacting work
- off-center work
- one-hit work
- ornate scroll work
- out-of-tolerance work
- pallet work
- pallet-mounted work
- parallel work
- piece work
- pilot design work
- planer work
- point-to-point work
- precision work
- prismatic work
- process work
- product development work
- production work
- programming work
- prototype work
- pulling work
- pushing work
- R and D work
- radial work
- reaming work
- repetition work
- robot development work
- rotary work
- rotating tool-type work
- rough work
- roughing work
- round work
- safe work
- scheduled work
- scientific information work
- scientific work
- scroll work
- second-op work
- second-operation work
- semifinishing work
- shaft work
- shift work
- short-batch work
- short-run batch work
- short-run work
- single-shift work
- site work
- sizing work
- small section work
- small-batch work
- small-envelope milling work
- small-sized work
- starting work
- stationary tool-type work
- stop work
- taper work
- tapered work
- thicknessing work
- TL work
- to work off
- to work out
- tool room work
- tool work
- turned work
- useful work
- vertical work
- volume production work
- work of force

English-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > work
13 mean

означать имя прилагательное:
средний (average, medium, secondary, middle, mean, MID)

серединный (mid, median, medial, mean)

скупой (stingy, mean, miserly, skimpy, niggardly, miser)

подлый (vile, sneaky, despicable, dastardly, mean, sneaking)

плохой (bad, poor, ill, low, inferior, mean)

захудалый (shabby, scrubby, mean, crummy, scrub, flea-bitten)

низкий (low, lower, poor, deep, short, mean)

скромный (modest, humble, frugal, unassuming, small, mean)

убогий (poor, miserable, needy, squalid, poky, mean)

жалкий (pitiful, miserable, pathetic, sorry, wretched, mean)

придирчивый (picky, nagging, captious, cantankerous, carping, mean)

посредственный (mediocre, middling, moderate, ordinary, indifferent, mean)

скаредный (stingy, miserly, niggardly, mean, tight-fisted, penny-pinching)

недоброжелательный (malevolent, unkindly, spiteful, negative, mean, ill-disposed)

слабый (weak, weakly, low, feeble, faint, mean)

нечестный (dishonest, unfair, foul, crooked, cammed, mean)

смущающийся (mean)

трудный (difficult, hard, tight, tough, arduous, mean)

неподдающийся (mean)

бедный (poor, lean, meager, penniless, humble, mean)

низкого происхождения (low, lowborn, ignoble, lower, baseborn, mean)
имя существительное:
среднее (mean)

среднее значение (mean)

середина (middle, mean, center, medium, midst, inside)

средство (means, agent, remedy, way, medium, mean)

средняя величина (average, mean)

среднее число (average, mean)

среднее арифметическое (mean, arithmetical mean)
глагол:
означать (mean, indicate, denote, imply, represent, signify)

значить (mean, denote, signify, imply, intend, import)

подразумевать (mean, imply, involve, understand, infer, purport)

подразумеваться (mean)

намереваться (intend, mean, plan, design, contemplate, set out)

иметь в виду (keep in mind, bear in mind, have in view, have in mind, mean, mind)

думать (think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, mean)

иметь значение (matter, mean, count, signify, weigh, count for)

предназначать (intend, design, destine, dedicate, assign, mean)

предназначаться (mean)

предвещать (presage, herald, portend, foreshadow, forebode, mean)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > mean
14 film

1. n плёнка; тонкий слой

film of oil — нефтяная плёнка

ice film — слой льда

enamel film — слой лака

fatty film — жировой слой

oily film — масляный слой

Beilby film — слой Бейльби

2. n фотоплёнка; киноплёнка

coloured film — цветная плёнка

to develop a film — проявлять фотоплёнку

reversal film — обратимая плёнка

photographic film — фотографическая плёнка, фотоплёнка

patch film — фотоплёнка для вклейки в фотоформу

unexposed film — неэкспонированная фотоплёнка

safety film — невоспламеняющаяся киноплёнка

roll film — роликовая фотоплёнка, рольфильм

3. n фильм, картина

feature film — художественный фильм

dubbed film — дублированный фильм

popular-science film — научно-популярный фильм

three-dimensional film — стереофильм

to release a film — выпускать фильм на экраны

mute film — немой фильм

film noir — мрачный фильм

scary film — фильм ужасов

silent film — немой фильм

A film — фильм категории А

4. n кино, киноискусство

the art of the film — искусство кино

the great masters of the film — мастера кино

film actor — киноактёр

film director — кинорежиссёр

film producer — продюсер

film people — кинематографисты, деятели кино

film unit — съёмочная группа

film writer — сценарист, кинодраматург

film company — кинокомпания, кинофирма

film medium — выразительные средства кино

film studio — киностудия

film test — кинопроба будущего актёра или актрисы

absolute film — абсолютное кино

art of the film — искусство кино

master of the film — мастер кино

a film head — большой любитель кино

a vintage silent film — классический фильм немого кино

5. n лёгкий туман, дымка

6. n тонкая нить

light film — тонкая пленка

film dampening — увлажнение тонкой пленкой

film evaporator — установка для напыления тонких пленок

7. n тех. перепонка, оболочка

steam film — паровая оболочка

film casing — пленочная оболочка

8. v снимать фильм; производить киносъёмки; снимать на киноплёнку

to film a meeting — заснять собрание

R film — фильм категории R

U film — фильм категории U

horror film — фильм ужасов

silent film — немой фильм

talk film — звуковой фильм

9. v экранизировать

10. v сниматься в кино; быть киноактёром

this actor has been filming for many years — этот актёр уже много лет снимается в кино

computer-controlled film processor — проявочная машина, управляемая ЭВМ

11. v быть подходящим материалом для кино

this story films easily — этот рассказ легко экранизировать

film clip — зажим для пленки

film materials — пленочные материалы

film cassette — кассета для фотопленки

film punch — перфоратор для фотопленки

film welder — аппарат для сварки плёнки

12. v покрывать плёнкой, оболочкой

to load the camera with film — зарядить аппарат плёнкой

13. v покрываться плёнкой; застилаться дымкой, туманом

Синонимический ряд:

1. haze (noun) brume; fog; haze; mist; murk; smaze

2. membrane (noun) coat; coating; fabric; gauze; integument; layer; membrane; pellicle; skin; thin layer; transparency

3. movie (noun) animated film; cartoon; cine; cinema; dramatisation; dramatization; flick; motion picture; movie; moving picture; photoplay; picture; picture show; show; video

4. make a motion picture (verb) capture; get on film; make a motion picture; record; shoot; videotape

5. photographic medium (verb) color film; disc; infrared film; microfilm; negative; panchromatic film; photographic medium; video cassette

English-Russian base dictionary > film
15 Defense

оборона, защита; pl. оборона, система обороны; оборонительные сооружения

approach the (enemy) defenses — подходить к району обороны (противника);

put up a (stout) defense — оказывать (упорное) сопротивление, стойко оборонять(ся);

— AA artillery defense

— AA defense

— accessory defenses

— active air defense

— active antispace defense

— active ballistic missile defense

— active defense on successive lines

— active defense

— active integral defense

— active satellite defense

— adopt the defense

— advanced defense

— aggressive defense

— air breathing defense

— air defense

— air support threat defense

— airborne anti-armor defense

— airborne defense

— airfield defenses

— airspace defense

— all-around defense

— alliance defense

— allied defense

— alternative defense

— altitude-staggered antimissile defense

— amoeba-type defense

— amphibious air defense

— antiair assault defense

— antiamphibious assault defense

— antiballistic missile defense

— antiboat defense

— anti-bomber defense

— anti-cruise-missile defense

— antigas defense

— antihelicopter defense

— anti-ICBM defense

— anti-landing defense

— anti-mechanized defense

— antimine defense

— antimissile area defense

— antimissile defense

— antimissile missile defense

— antimissile point defense

— antimissile surface defense

— antiorbiting weapon defense

— antiordnance defense

— antiparatroop defense

— antisatellite defense

— antiship defense

— antiship missile area defense

— antiship missile defense

— antiship missile point defense

— antispace defense

— antisubmarine defense

— antivehicular defense

— archipelago defense

— area defense

— area-point defense

— armor defense

— army air defense

— artillery air defense

— assume the defense

— assured posture defense

— AT defense

— atmospheric defense

— atomic defense

— back line defense

— back slope defense

— ball of fire defense

— ballistic defense

— ballistic missile defense

— ballistic missile terminal defense

— barrier defense

— base defense

— battle defense

— beachline defense

— biological warfare defense

— block-type air defense

— bolster defenses

— breach defenses

— break through defenses

— bridge boom defense

— bridge net defense

— build up the defenses

— carry enemy defenses

— checkerboard defense

— chemical warfare defense

— chemical-biological defense

— circular defense

— civil defense

— civilian-based defense

— clear defenses

— close-in defense

— coastal defense

— coastal frontier defense

— cohesive defense

— combined arms defense

— compact defense

— composite air defense

— conduct defense

— conventional defense

— coordinated defense

— counterantimissile defense

— counterartillery defense

— counterbomber defense

— counterfrogmen defense

— counterhelicopter defense

— counterlanding defense

— countermissile defense

— countersatellite defense

— crack defenses

— crash through defenses

— critical asset defense

— decentralized defense

— deep defense

— defense against armor

— defense against ballistic missiles

— defense against enemy propaganda

— defense against inflammable liquids

— defense against rocket and mortar attack

— defense against sound equipment

— defense below the nuclear threshold

— defense in depth

— defense in place

— defense in tactical depth

— defense through offensive preparedness

— delaying defense

— deliberate defense

— demoralize the defenses

— dent defenses

— denude defenses

— deployed defense

— direct air defense

— discontinuous defense

— disrupt defenses

— division air defense

— drag through defenses

— dual-engagement type antimissile defense

— dynamic defense

— earth-bound antimissile defense

— elastic defense

— endoatmospheric missile defense

— erase the defenses

— erect defenses

— establish defenses

— exoatmospheric defense

— extended position defense

— external defense

— extraterrestrial defense

— feel the enemy's defenses

— field defenses

— fixed defense

— fixed position defense

— flank defense

— flatten the defenses

— flexible defense in depth

— flexible defense

— fluid defense

— foreign internal defense

— foremost defenses

— fortified defense

— forward defense

— gas defense

— general air defense

— ground air defenses

— ground based air defense

— ground defense

— ground-based territorial air defense

— ground-to-ground defense

— gun defense

— hard-hitting defense

— hard-point defense

— hard-site defense

— hastily prepared defense

— hasty defense

— heavy defense

— hedgehog defense

— hemispheric defense

— high to medium altitude air defense

— high-altitude air defense

— high-altitude airborne radar defense

— high-intensity air defense

— hillside defense

— home air defense

— home defense

— ICBM defense

— ICBM site defense

— immobile defense

— impenetrable defense

— imperial defense

— improved point defense

— improvise a defense

— incendiary defense

— indirect air defense

— industrial defense

— initial defense

— inner defense

— integrated defense

— interallied defense

— internal defense

— land defense

— last-ditch defense

— layered defense

— layered ICBM defense

— light defense

— limited defenses

— limited-mobility defense

— line of communications defense

— linear defense

— littoral defense

— local air defense

— local civil defense

— local defense

— low altitude air defense

— low altitude forward area air defense

— low level air defense

— low-to-medium air defense

— machine-gun defense

— maintain defense

— man the defenses

— manned bomber defense

— maritime defense

— medical chemical defense

— medical defense

— metropolitan air defense

— military defense

— mine defense

— mobile AT defense

— mobile attrition defense

— mobile defense

— mount defense

— multi-tiered defense

— muster defense

— national wide defense

— NATO defense

— naval defense

— NBC defense

— negative defense

— neutralize defenses

— nonlinear defense

— nonnuclear defense

— nonnuclear forward defense

— nonnuclear initial defense

— nuclear defense

— nuclear forward defense

— offensive defense

— operational defense

— orbital defense

— organic AA defense

— organized defense

— OTH defense

— outer defense

— outnumbered defenses

— outpost defenses

— overcome defenses

— overrun the enemy defenses

— overwhelm the defense

— passive defense

— penetrate defenses

— perimeter defense

— peripheral defense

— permanent defenses

— permanent sustained defense

— personal defense

— piecemeal defense

— pierce defenses

— point air defense

— point defense

— position defense in depth

— positional defense

— preemptive defense

— prepared defense

— primary air defense

— probe the enemy's defenses

— protracted defense

— pulverize defenses

— radiological defense

— raze defenses to the ground

— rear area defense

— reconstitute one's defense

— reduce defenses

— reform defense

— regional defense

— remote-controlled AT defense

— residual air defense

— rigid defense

— rolling defense

— satellite defense

— screen-type antimissile defense

— sea-based ballistic missile defense

— secondary air defense

— separate area defense

— set up defenses

— shipborne air defense

— shipborne antimissile defense

— shore defense

— site defense

— site defenses

— slip through the enemy's defenses

— soft antimissile defenses

— soften defense

— space defense

— space-air defense

— space-missile defense

— squad defense

— static defense

— stiffen defense

— strategic defense

— submerged defenses

— sustained defense

— swamp the defenses

— switch defenses

— tactical antigas defense

— tactical defense

— tankproof defense

— terminal BM defense

— terminal point air defense

— territorial air defense

— territorial defense

— test the enemy's defenses

— theater air defense

— thick defense

— thin defense

— thinned defense

— three tiers defense

— tight defense

— total defense

— total integrated defense in depth

— ultimate defense

— unaggressive defense

— unarmed defense

— undertake the defense

— unzip defenses

— urban defense

— vehicle defense

— wall-to-wall defense

— web defense

— weight the defense

— well-prepared defense

— Western hemisphere defense

— zero air defense

— zonal defense

— zone air defense

— zone antiarmor defense

— zone defense

* * *

министерство обороны

English-Russian military dictionary > Defense
16 defense

оборона, защита; pl. оборона, система обороны; оборонительные сооружения

approach the (enemy) defenses — подходить к району обороны (противника);

put up a (stout) defense — оказывать (упорное) сопротивление, стойко оборонять(ся);

— AA artillery defense

— AA defense

— accessory defenses

— active air defense

— active antispace defense

— active ballistic missile defense

— active defense on successive lines

— active defense

— active integral defense

— active satellite defense

— adopt the defense

— advanced defense

— aggressive defense

— air breathing defense

— air defense

— air support threat defense

— airborne anti-armor defense

— airborne defense

— airfield defenses

— airspace defense

— all-around defense

— alliance defense

— allied defense

— alternative defense

— altitude-staggered antimissile defense

— amoeba-type defense

— amphibious air defense

— antiair assault defense

— antiamphibious assault defense

— antiballistic missile defense

— antiboat defense

— anti-bomber defense

— anti-cruise-missile defense

— antigas defense

— antihelicopter defense

— anti-ICBM defense

— anti-landing defense

— anti-mechanized defense

— antimine defense

— antimissile area defense

— antimissile defense

— antimissile missile defense

— antimissile point defense

— antimissile surface defense

— antiorbiting weapon defense

— antiordnance defense

— antiparatroop defense

— antisatellite defense

— antiship defense

— antiship missile area defense

— antiship missile defense

— antiship missile point defense

— antispace defense

— antisubmarine defense

— antivehicular defense

— archipelago defense

— area defense

— area-point defense

— armor defense

— army air defense

— artillery air defense

— assume the defense

— assured posture defense

— AT defense

— atmospheric defense

— atomic defense

— back line defense

— back slope defense

— ball of fire defense

— ballistic defense

— ballistic missile defense

— ballistic missile terminal defense

— barrier defense

— base defense

— battle defense

— beachline defense

— biological warfare defense

— block-type air defense

— bolster defenses

— breach defenses

— break through defenses

— bridge boom defense

— bridge net defense

— build up the defenses

— carry enemy defenses

— checkerboard defense

— chemical warfare defense

— chemical-biological defense

— circular defense

— civil defense

— civilian-based defense

— clear defenses

— close-in defense

— coastal defense

— coastal frontier defense

— cohesive defense

— combined arms defense

— compact defense

— composite air defense

— conduct defense

— conventional defense

— coordinated defense

— counterantimissile defense

— counterartillery defense

— counterbomber defense

— counterfrogmen defense

— counterhelicopter defense

— counterlanding defense

— countermissile defense

— countersatellite defense

— crack defenses

— crash through defenses

— critical asset defense

— decentralized defense

— deep defense

— defense against armor

— defense against ballistic missiles

— defense against enemy propaganda

— defense against inflammable liquids

— defense against rocket and mortar attack

— defense against sound equipment

— defense below the nuclear threshold

— defense in depth

— defense in place

— defense in tactical depth

— defense through offensive preparedness

— delaying defense

— deliberate defense

— demoralize the defenses

— dent defenses

— denude defenses

— deployed defense

— direct air defense

— discontinuous defense

— disrupt defenses

— division air defense

— drag through defenses

— dual-engagement type antimissile defense

— dynamic defense

— earth-bound antimissile defense

— elastic defense

— endoatmospheric missile defense

— erase the defenses

— erect defenses

— establish defenses

— exoatmospheric defense

— extended position defense

— external defense

— extraterrestrial defense

— feel the enemy's defenses

— field defenses

— fixed defense

— fixed position defense

— flank defense

— flatten the defenses

— flexible defense in depth

— flexible defense

— fluid defense

— foreign internal defense

— foremost defenses

— fortified defense

— forward defense

— gas defense

— general air defense

— ground air defenses

— ground based air defense

— ground defense

— ground-based territorial air defense

— ground-to-ground defense

— gun defense

— hard-hitting defense

— hard-point defense

— hard-site defense

— hastily prepared defense

— hasty defense

— heavy defense

— hedgehog defense

— hemispheric defense

— high to medium altitude air defense

— high-altitude air defense

— high-altitude airborne radar defense

— high-intensity air defense

— hillside defense

— home air defense

— home defense

— ICBM defense

— ICBM site defense

— immobile defense

— impenetrable defense

— imperial defense

— improved point defense

— improvise a defense

— incendiary defense

— indirect air defense

— industrial defense

— initial defense

— inner defense

— integrated defense

— interallied defense

— internal defense

— land defense

— last-ditch defense

— layered defense

— layered ICBM defense

— light defense

— limited defenses

— limited-mobility defense

— line of communications defense

— linear defense

— littoral defense

— local air defense

— local civil defense

— local defense

— low altitude air defense

— low altitude forward area air defense

— low level air defense

— low-to-medium air defense

— machine-gun defense

— maintain defense

— man the defenses

— manned bomber defense

— maritime defense

— medical chemical defense

— medical defense

— metropolitan air defense

— military defense

— mine defense

— mobile AT defense

— mobile attrition defense

— mobile defense

— mount defense

— multi-tiered defense

— muster defense

— national wide defense

— NATO defense

— naval defense

— NBC defense

— negative defense

— neutralize defenses

— nonlinear defense

— nonnuclear defense

— nonnuclear forward defense

— nonnuclear initial defense

— nuclear defense

— nuclear forward defense

— offensive defense

— operational defense

— orbital defense

— organic AA defense

— organized defense

— OTH defense

— outer defense

— outnumbered defenses

— outpost defenses

— overcome defenses

— overrun the enemy defenses

— overwhelm the defense

— passive defense

— penetrate defenses

— perimeter defense

— peripheral defense

— permanent defenses

— permanent sustained defense

— personal defense

— piecemeal defense

— pierce defenses

— point air defense

— point defense

— position defense in depth

— positional defense

— preemptive defense

— prepared defense

— primary air defense

— probe the enemy's defenses

— protracted defense

— pulverize defenses

— radiological defense

— raze defenses to the ground

— rear area defense

— reconstitute one's defense

— reduce defenses

— reform defense

— regional defense

— remote-controlled AT defense

— residual air defense

— rigid defense

— rolling defense

— satellite defense

— screen-type antimissile defense

— sea-based ballistic missile defense

— secondary air defense

— separate area defense

— set up defenses

— shipborne air defense

— shipborne antimissile defense

— shore defense

— site defense

— site defenses

— slip through the enemy's defenses

— soft antimissile defenses

— soften defense

— space defense

— space-air defense

— space-missile defense

— squad defense

— static defense

— stiffen defense

— strategic defense

— submerged defenses

— sustained defense

— swamp the defenses

— switch defenses

— tactical antigas defense

— tactical defense

— tankproof defense

— terminal BM defense

— terminal point air defense

— territorial air defense

— territorial defense

— test the enemy's defenses

— theater air defense

— thick defense

— thin defense

— thinned defense

— three tiers defense

— tight defense

— total defense

— total integrated defense in depth

— ultimate defense

— unaggressive defense

— unarmed defense

— undertake the defense

— unzip defenses

— urban defense

— vehicle defense

— wall-to-wall defense

— web defense

— weight the defense

— well-prepared defense

— Western hemisphere defense

— zero air defense

— zonal defense

— zone air defense

— zone antiarmor defense

— zone defense

* * *

1) оборона; 2) оборона

English-Russian military dictionary > defense
17 loan

1.

давать взаймы, ссужать

2.

заем; ссуда; кредит

•

- accommodation loan

- active loan

- adjustable mortgage loan

- advance loan

- agency loan

- agricultural loan

- agricultural sector adjustment loan

- amortization loan

- apex loan

- asset-based loan

- auto loan

- back-to-back loan

- bad loan

- balloon loan

- bank loan

- banking sector's nonperforming loans

- bank-to-bank loan

- below-market loan

- big loan

- bilateral loan

- blank loan

- borrowed-pledge security loan

- bottomry loan

- bridge loan

- bridging loan

- broker's loan

- building loan

- bullet loan

- business loan

- call loan

- callable loan

- capital loan

- capped floating rate loan

- cash loan

- cash security loan

- character loan

- cheap loan

- clearance loan

- collared floating rate loan

- collateral loan

- collateralized loan

- commercial loan

- committed loan

- commodity loan

- compulsory loan

- concessionary loan

- consolidated loan

- consumer's loan

- construction loan

- consumption loan

- convertible currency loan

- corporate loan

- Crown loan

- currency loan

- customer's loan

- daily loan

- day loan

- day-to-day loan

- dead loan

- dealer loan

- defaulted loan

- delinquent loan

- demand loan

- development loan

- direct loan

- disbursed loan

- discount loan

- discount interest loan

- distressed loan

- dollar loan

- domestic loan

- downstream loan

- droplock loan

- dud loan

- economic opportunity loan

- economic recovery loan

- emergency loan

- emergency reconstruction loan

- equipment financing loan

- equity loan

- Eurocurrency loan

- Eurosyndicated loans

- excess loan

- export adjustment loan

- external loan

- farm loan

- fiduciary loan

- financial intermediary loan

- fixed loan

- fixed-date loan

- fixed-interest loan

- fixed-rate loan

- floated loan

- floating-rate loan

- forced loan

- foreign loan

- foreign exchange loan

- free-limit loan

- frozen loan

- funded loan

- funding loan

- gold loan

- good faith loan

- government loan

- guaranteed loan

- hard loan

- hedged loan

- high-interest loan

- home loan

- home finance loan

- home improvement loan

- home mortgage loan

- housing construction loan

- hybrid loan

- impaired loans

- indexed loan

- index-tied loan

- industrial loan

- industrial and trade policy adjustment loan

- installment loan

- interbank loan

- intercompany loan

- interest-bearing loan

- interest-free loan

- interim loan

- intermediate loan

- internal loan

- inventory loan

- investment loan

- jeopardy loan

- jumbo loan

- large loan

- limited recourse loan

- local loan

- local authority loan

- lombard loan

- long loan

- long-dated loan

- long-period loan

- long-sighted loan

- long-term loan

- long-term foreign exchange loan

- long-term mortgage loan

- low-interest loan

- low-interest-rate mortgage loan

- lucrative loan

- managed loan

- mandatory loan

- margin loan

- market loan

- medium-term loan

- medium-term foreign exchange loan

- MiniMax loan

- mixed loans

- money loan

- morning loan

- mortgage loan

- multicurrency loan

- multilateral loan

- municipal loan

- national loan

- negative amortization loan

- net loan s

- nonaccruing loan

- noninterest bearing loan

- nonperforming loan

- nonregulated loans

- notice loan

- on call loan

- one-off purpose-oriented loan

- outstanding loan

- overage loan

- overdue loan

- overnight loan

- package loan

- parallel loan

- participating loan

- participation loan

- past-due loan

- performing loan

- permanent loan

- permanent government loan

- perpetual loan

- personal loan

- pledge loan

- policy loan

- pooled loan

- poorly performing loan

- precarious loan

- prematured loan

- prime-rate loan

- problem loan

- programme loan

- programme adjustment loan

- property loan

- public loan

- public enterprise rationalization loan

- public enterprise rehabilitation loan

- purpose loan

- purpose-oriented loan

- real estate loan

- receivable loan

- reconstruction loan

- recourse loan

- redeemable loan

- redemption loan

- regulated loans

- rehabilitation import loan

- reimbursable loan

- renegotiated loan

- repaid loan

- replacement loan

- rescheduled loan

- resetter loan

- seasonal loan

- seasoned loan

- sector loan

- sector adjustment loan

- sector investment and maintenance loan

- secured loan

- securities loan

- securitized loan

- self-liquidating loan

- self-liquidation loan

- senior loan

- short loan

- short-dated loan

- short-sighted loan

- short-term loan

- short-term floating rate loan

- short-term foreign exchange loan

- short-time loan

- sight loan

- signature loan

- single loan

- sinking-fund loan

- small business loan

- soft loan

- sovereign loan

- sovereign-risk loan

- special surveillance loan

- specific investment loan

- stabilization loan

- stand-by loan

- state loan

- sterling loan

- stock exchange loan

- stock market loan

- straight loan

- street loan

- subsidiary loan

- subsidized loan

- swing loan

- syndicate loan

- syndicated loan

- tax-exempt loan

- technical assistance loan

- term loan

- tied loan

- time loan

- time-slice loan

- underperforming loan

- undersubscribed loan

- underwater loan

- undisbursed loan

- unlimited loan

- unrecoverable loan

- unsecured loan

- upstream loan

- utilized loan

- variable-rate loan

- viable loan

- watch loan

- weekly loan

- loan against bills of exchange

- loan against borrower's note

- loan against collateral

- loan against commodities and materials

- loan against goods

- loan against government guarantee

- loan against a guarantee

- loan against hypothecation of goods

- loan against instrument of debt

- loan against payment documents

- loan against pledge

- loan against pledged bills

- loan against pledge of goods

- loan against a promissory note

- loan against securities

- loan against security

- loan against shares

- loan against stocks

- loan at call

- loan at interest

- loan at notice

- loan for a period of

- loan in sterling

- loan of money

- loan on bills of exchange

- loan on call

- loan on collateral

- loan on debentures

- loan on easy terms

- loan on favourable terms

- loan on goods

- loan on interest

- loan on landed property

- loan on merchandise

- loan on mortgage

- loan on pawn

- loan on policy

- loan on securities

- loan on security

- loan on the security of bills

- loan on short notice

- loans to customers

- loan with agreed maturity

- loan with equity kicker

- loan without bond

- loan without interest

- loan without security

- loan with participations

- loan with strings attached

- accelerate a loan

- accommodate with a loan

- advance a loan

- allow a loan

- apply for a loan

- assess delinquent loans

- back a loan

- book loans

- call in a loan

- cancel a call loan

- contract a loan

- convert a loan into marketable securities

- cover a loan

- default on a loan

- disburse a loan

- downgrade a loan

- extend a loan

- finance a loan

- float a loan

- forfeit a loan

- get a loan

- give a loan

- grant a loan

- guarantee a loan

- issue a loan

- launch a loan

- liquidate a loan

- make a loan

- meet a loan

- monitor a loan

- negotiate a loan

- obtain a loan

- offer a loan

- pay back a loan

- pay down a loan

- pay off a loan

- place a loan

- provide a loan

- qualify for a loan

- raise a loan

- recall a loan

- redeem a loan

- renew a loan

- repay a loan

- request a loan

- restructure a loan

- retire a loan

- retrieve a loan

- secure a loan

- secure a new loan

- service a loan

- sink a loan

- slash loans

- subscribe to a loan

- support a loan

- take up a loan

- take up a loan on securities

- warrant a loan

- write off bad loans

- loan backed by bills

- loan bearing no interest

- loan collateralized by

- loan collateralized into marketable securities

- loan payable on request of the creditor

- loan repayable on demand

- loan secured by bills

- loan secured by inventory

English-russian dctionary of diplomacy > loan
18 disc

1. n диск, круг

digital disc — цифровой диск

plane of propeller disc — плоскость диска гребного винта

glass master disc — шрифтоноситель на стеклянном диске

film master disc — шрифтоноситель на пленочном диске

internal disc storage — внутренняя память на диске

disc attenuator — аттенюатор с вращающимся диском

2. n диск Луны, Солнца

hard disc — жесткий диск

floppy disc — гибкий диск

code disc — кодирующий диск

turbine disc — диск турбины

inking disc — раскатной диск

3. n пластинка

4. n разг. шайба

5. n бот. листовая пластинка

6. n бот. корзинка

7. n бот. зоол. очки

8. n бот. анат. межпозвоночный хрящ

9. n бот. вчт. магнитный диск

flexible disc — гибкий диск, дискета

rigid disc — жёсткий диск

disc cartridge — дисковый пакет, кассетный диск

disc drive — дисковод

fixed head disc — диск с неподвижными головками

disc of circular saw — диск циркуляционной пилы

roughing disc — диск торшонирующего устройства

hard magnetic disc — жесткий магнитный диск

fixed disc — диск с неподвижными головками

Синонимический ряд:

photographic medium (verb) color film; film; infrared film; microfilm; negative; panchromatic film; photographic medium; video cassette

English-Russian base dictionary > disc
19 microfilm

1. n плёнка для микрофотокопирования

microfilm processor — устройство для обработки микропленки

microfilm printer — устройство для записи на микропленку

microfilm mounter — устройство для монтажа микрофильмов

microfilm container — коробка для хранения микрофильмов

microfilm copy jacket — джеккет для копий микрофильмов

2. n микрофильм; микрофотокопия на киноплёнке

microfilm copy — микрофотокопия

microfilm image — кадр микрофильма

microfilm roll — рулонный микрофильм

microfilm strip — микрофильм в отрезке

microfilm duplicate — копия микрофильма

Синонимический ряд:

photographic medium (verb) color film; disc; film; infrared film; negative; panchromatic film; photographic medium; video cassette

English-Russian base dictionary > microfilm
20 video cassette

видеокассета

Синонимический ряд:

photographic medium (verb) color film; disc; film; infrared film; microfilm; negative; panchromatic film; photographic medium

English-Russian base dictionary > video cassette

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

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